Rat Total GIP ELISA

The incretin hormones, glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP 1), are a group of gastrointestinal hormones that cause an increase in the amount of insulin released from the beta cells of the slets of Langerhans after ingestion of food. The intestinal peptide GIP was first isolated from porcine upper small intestine. The sequences of porcine, bovine, and human GIP have been determined, each has 42 amino acids, and the sequence is highly conserved. The porcine and bovine peptides differ from the human at two and three sites, respectively. Takeda et al. have isolated a human cDNA encoding the GIP precursor and confirming that GIP belongs to the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/Glucagon/secretin family. GIP is a gastrointestinal peptide hormone that is released from duodenal endocrine K cells after absorption of glucose or fat. GIP is a potent releaser of insulin in experimental animals and in humans provided that blood glucose is above basal level. Plasma level of GIP is elevated after an oral glucose load or a meal in normal man. This increase after a meal is below normal in newly diagnosed insulin–dependent diabetics. It is now being recognized that GIP receptor is also expressed in organs and cells such as duodenum, small intestine, pancreatic alpha-cell, adipocyte and osteoblast. These results demonstrate GIP may have a lot of physiological effect in addition to their glucoregulatory effects. GIP is rapidly inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP 4 to GIP (3-42) with a blood half-life of only several minutes. DPP- 4 inhibitor can prolong the half-life of GIP.GIP ELISA Performance Summar.